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Vagueness, Overbreadth, Facial, and As-Applied
This section is a bit of a grab-bag of different First Amendment doctrines, all of which are important, but which don't necessarily fit in another bucket.
"Vagueness" is a substantive First Amendment doctrine; a law can violate the First Amendment because it's unconstitutionally vague.
"Overbreadth" is a quasi-substantive, quasi-procedural doctrine. A law can be unconstitutionally overbroad, but overbreadth doctrine also serves as a procedural rule that allows a different class of plaintiffs to challenge it. What do I mean by that?
Finally, the difference between facial and as-applied challenge can be either obvious or tricky, depending on the circumstances. It's always a good thing to keep an eye on. As you read cases throughout the summer, think about whether you think the plaintiff(s)' claims are facial or as-applied.
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