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A note about defenses
This subsection is labeled "defenses." It comprises a set of doctrines that allow one of the parties to argue that even if there is an agreement, and even if that agreement is supported by consideration (or one of the exceptions applies), nonetheless the court should not enforce that agreement. In general, each of these defenses is based on a set of policy arguments. For each of these defenses, think about what those arguments are -- why should someone who made an otherwise enforceable promise be able to get out of it? Do you agree or disagree with these defenses that have developed over time?
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