5 Content Moderation 5 Content Moderation
5.1 Content Moderation - The Basics 5.1 Content Moderation - The Basics
Guiding Questions
- How has the evolution of online content moderation challenged traditional First Amendment frameworks, and what lessons can we draw from cases like Miami Herald v. Tornillo for today's digital platforms?
- What role should government play in regulating content moderation practices, given both constitutional constraints and practical challenges of platform governance?
- How do different approaches to Section 230 reflect broader tensions between platform autonomy, user rights, and state interests in content regulation?
Guest
Required
Facts
- [Pages 1-4, 8-9 (enforcement)] David Inserra, A Guide to Content Moderation for Policymakers, Cato (May 21, 2024)
- [skim part II, read part IIIA and IIIB pp. 1630-1649] Kate Klonick, The New Governors: The People, Rules, and Processes Governing Online Speech, 131 Harvard Law Review 1598 (2018).
- Kenan Malik, The Twitter Files should disturb liberal critics of Elon Musk – and here’s why, The Guardian (Jan. 1, 2023).
Law
- Alan Z. Rozenshtein, Section 230 Isn't the First Amendment for the Internet, LAWFARE (Sept. 11, 2024).
- [read “Common Interpretation”] Geoffrey R. Stone and Edward H. Levi, Freedom of Speech and the Press, ACC.
- [pp. 44-64] NetChoice, L.L.C. v. Paxton, 49 F.4th 439 (5th Cir. 2022).
Application
- [pp. 1-6] Moody v. NetChoice, L.L.C., 598 U.S. (2024).
- [read Syllabus, read Chief Justice Burger's opinion from Section III (starting at "The challenged statute..." through Section IV “...it is so ordered"] Miami Herald Pub. Co. v. Tornillo, 418 U.S. 241 (1974).
Optional
- Kyle Langvardt and Alan Z. Rozenshtein, Moody v. NetChoice is a Blow to Silicon Valley’s Litigation Strategy, LAWFARE (Jul. 26, 2024).
- Susanna Granieri, Eugene Volokh on Section 230, Generative AI and the First Amendment, FIRST AMEND. WATCH (July 23, 2024).
5.2 Content Moderation - In Practice 5.2 Content Moderation - In Practice
Guiding Questions
- How do technical limitations of automated content moderation systems interact with legal requirements and policy goals? What implications does this have for regulation?
- How are different jurisdictions (particularly the US and EU) approaching content moderation regulation, and what are the global implications of these varying approaches?
- How should platforms balance competing interests when moderating potentially harmful content - particularly when dealing with content that may be both harmful and newsworthy, or when automated systems face accuracy challenges?
Guest
Required
Facts
- Tomas Apodaca and Natasha Uzcátegui-Liggett, How Automated Content Moderation Works (Even When It Doesn’t), The Markup (Mar. 1, 2024).
- Katie McQue, AI is overpowering efforts to catch child predators, experts warn, The Guardian, (Jul. 18, 2024).
- Ingrid Lunden, Meta Drops Fact-Checking, Loosens Its Content Moderation Rules, TECHCRUNCH (Jan. 7, 2025).
Law
- [sections I, III, VI] Ioanna Tourkochoriti, The Digital Services Act and the EU as the Global Regulator of the Internet, Chicago Journal of International Law (Jul. 10, 2023).
- Tim Bernard, Oversight Board Trust Launches EU Out-of-Court Dispute Settlement Service, Tech Policy Press (Oct. 10, 2024)
- [skim] Protecting Americans from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act, H.R. 7521, 118th Cong. (2024).
Application
- [skim. 24-33, read 33-38, skim 38-55] TikTok Inc. & ByteDance Ltd. v. Garland, Nos. 24-1113, 24-1130 & 24-1183 (D.C. Cir. Dec. 6, 2024) (slip op.).
- Bill Echikson, Europe Struggles to Enforce New Free Speech Rules, Center for European Policy Analysis (Aug. 28, 2024).
Optional
- Julien Berman and Alan Z. Rozenshtein, The TikTok Case Will Be Determined by What’s Behind the Government’s Black Lines, LAWFARE (Aug. 13, 2024).
5.3 Content Moderation - Elections 5.3 Content Moderation - Elections
Guiding Questions
- How should we balance First Amendment protections with efforts to combat election-related misinformation, particularly when considering new technologies like AI-generated content?
- What are the relative merits of different regulatory approaches to election-related content (e.g., disclosure requirements, outright bans, or platform self-regulation), and how do these approaches vary across jurisdictions?
- To what extent should platforms be responsible for preventing electoral manipulation through their services, and what tools (technical, legal, or policy) are most effective for this purpose?
Guest
Facts
- OpenAI, How OpenAI is Approaching 2024 Worldwide Elections, OPENAI, (Jan. 15, 2024)
- Simon Torkington, These are the 3 biggest emerging risks the world is facing, World Economic Forum (Jan. 13, 2024).
- Matthew Leake, Are fears about online misinformation in the US election overblown? The evidence suggests they might be, Reuters (Oct. 24, 2024).
- Sayash Kapoor & Arvind Narayanan, We Looked at 78 Election Deepfakes. Political Misinformation Is Not an AI Problem, Knight First Amendment Institute (Dec. 13, 2024).
Law
- Press Release, Office of Governor Gavin Newsom, Governor Newsom signs bills to combat deepfake election content (Sept. 17, 2024)
- [skim] A.B. 2655, 2023-2024 Reg. Sess., ch. 261 (Cal. 2024)
- [skim] A.B. 2839, 2023-2024 Reg. Sess., ch. 262 (Cal. 2024)
- Kira Lerner, Top State Officials Push to Make Spread of US Election Misinformation Illegal, The Guardian (Feb. 23, 2023)
- Madison Alder, Bipartisan Bill Would Mandate Disclosure of 'Substantial' AI Use in Political Ads, FedScoop (Mar. 7, 2024).
- Press Release, Office of Rep. Derek Kilmer, Kilmer Introduces Legislation to Protect Elections from Deceptive Artificial Intelligence in Political Ads, (May 14, 2024)
- Press Release, Office of Rep. Don Beyer, Amid Invasion of Ukraine, Beyer Introduces Legislation to Build American Resilience to Russian Influence Operations (Mar. 8, 2022)
Application
- Press Release, Office of the Attorney General, Steven Kramer Charged with Voter Suppression Over AI-Generated President Biden Robocalls, New Hampshire Department of Justice (May 23, 2024).
- Press Release, Federal Communications Commission, FCC Proposes $6 Million Fine for Illegal Robocalls That Used Biden Deepfake Generative AI Voice Message, (May 23, 2024).
- Alan Riquelmy, Federal judge stops implementation of California misinformation law, (October 2, 2024).
- Gabrielle Lim & Samantha Bradshaw, Chilling Legislation: Tracking the Impact of "Fake News" Laws on Press Freedom Internationally, Ctr. for Int'l Media Assistance (Jul. 19, 2023)
- Press Release, Fed. Trade Comm'n, Federal Trade Commission Announces Final Rule Banning Fake Reviews and Testimonials (Aug. 14, 2024).